Recent questions tagged general

by admin (2.6k points) asked Sep 9

A group of scientists decides to conduct a study addressing the long-term effects of maternal alcohol consumption on their infants after conception. Two hundred women, including those who suffer from alcoholism and those who do not, are recruited into the study when they present for their first primary care visit. A medical history is taken on alcohol use, prena- tal care, nutritional status, and smoking behav- iors; these are measured monthly during the pregnancy. The researchers follow the wom- en’s pregnancies until term, after which they devote their attention to the health and behav- iors of the offspring. Which of the following is the most appropriate statistic the research- ers will be able to calculate as a result of their study?

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by admin (2.6k points) asked Sep 9

A 66-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with a complaint of erectile dysfunc- tion. His past history is significant for hyper- tension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disease, and coronary artery disease status postmyocardial infarction. His current medications are propranolol, captopril, aspirin, lovastatin, metformin, fluoxetine, and sublin- gual nitroglycerin. On further questioning, he admits to wanting a prescription for sildenafil. Which of his medications is unsafe to take with sildenafil?

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by admin (2.6k points) asked Sep 9

A new screening test for the development of mitral regurgitation in the setting of rheumatic fever is created. A study of 1000 patients with a history of Streptococcus pyogenes infection and a diagnosis of rheumatic fever is performed using this test, which has 90% sensitivity and 85% specificity. The prevalence of mitral re- gurgitation in this population is estimated to be 40%. What is the positive predictive value of this test?

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by admin (2.6k points) asked Sep 9

A 2-month-old boy is brought to the emer- gency department with respiratory insuffi- ciency and failure to thrive. The pregnancy and perinatal course were uneventful. Gener- alized hypotonia, tongue fasciculations, and flaccid paralysis are noted on physical exami- nation. His hospital stay is complicated by the development of tracheobronchomalacia and respiratory insufficiency that necessitates me- chanical ventilation. Despite these efforts, the patient dies of respiratory complications. Muscle biopsy shows denervation and panfas- cicular atrophy. A genetics consult yields the pedigree shown in the image. Which of the following diseases is most consistent with this patient’s presentation and the pedigree shown in the image?

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by admin (2.6k points) asked Sep 5

Researchers investigating the development of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) such as polymyositis read that vitamin D may act as an immunomodulator that reduces the development and severity of autoimmune diseases. Given that many Americans are vitamin D deficient, the researchers design an observational study to assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation on IIM symptom severity. Subjects are surveyed at time 0 and after two years, and the results are listed in the chart. Which equation represents the chance of symptom improvement in subjects who took vitamin D supplements relative to subjects who did not take vitamin D supplements?

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