Recent questions tagged principles

by admin (2.6k points) asked Sep 9

A new screening test for the development of mitral regurgitation in the setting of rheumatic fever is created. A study of 1000 patients with a history of Streptococcus pyogenes infection and a diagnosis of rheumatic fever is performed using this test, which has 90% sensitivity and 85% specificity. The prevalence of mitral re- gurgitation in this population is estimated to be 40%. What is the positive predictive value of this test?

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by admin (2.6k points) asked Sep 9

A 2-month-old boy is brought to the emer- gency department with respiratory insuffi- ciency and failure to thrive. The pregnancy and perinatal course were uneventful. Gener- alized hypotonia, tongue fasciculations, and flaccid paralysis are noted on physical exami- nation. His hospital stay is complicated by the development of tracheobronchomalacia and respiratory insufficiency that necessitates me- chanical ventilation. Despite these efforts, the patient dies of respiratory complications. Muscle biopsy shows denervation and panfas- cicular atrophy. A genetics consult yields the pedigree shown in the image. Which of the following diseases is most consistent with this patient’s presentation and the pedigree shown in the image?

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by admin (2.6k points) asked Sep 5

Researchers investigating the development of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) such as polymyositis read that vitamin D may act as an immunomodulator that reduces the development and severity of autoimmune diseases. Given that many Americans are vitamin D deficient, the researchers design an observational study to assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation on IIM symptom severity. Subjects are surveyed at time 0 and after two years, and the results are listed in the chart. Which equation represents the chance of symptom improvement in subjects who took vitamin D supplements relative to subjects who did not take vitamin D supplements?

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